In material science, Fracture is the separation, or fragmentation, of a solid body into two or more parts under the action of stress. The process of fracture can be considered to be made up of two components, crack initiation and crack propagation. According to the Strain to fracture behavior of metals, there are two types of Fracture in Metals Ductile […]
What are the different types of Fracture in Metals?
In material science, Fracture is the separation, or fragmentation, of a solid body into two or more parts under the action of stress. The process of fracture can be considered to be made up of two components, crack initiation and crack propagation. Let us discuss the Fracture in more detail and list different types of fracture in metals. Types of […]
Common Types of Failure Modes in Material Science
Failure is one of the most important things that every design engineer must deal with. All the structural members and machine elements can fail to perform their intended functions. In order to understand any failure of a machine element first, we need to understand how many possible ways that a machine element can fail. Let […]
Why Hollow Shaft is better than a Solid shaft?
Have you ever wondered why most of the time you have seen many applications involve hollow shafts instead of solid ones? How the Hollow Shaft is better than a Solid shaft? Let us see how the hollow shafts are better than the solid ones. Differentiating the Hollow shaft and solid shaft can be done with […]
How to Calculate Shaft Diameter under Axial Load?
In the previous article, We have discussed how to calculate the shaft diameter under twisting and bending moment with the fluctuating load. In some cases such as propeller shafts of ships, there will be an additional axial load that will act on the shaft in addition to the Torsion and bending loads. Now let us […]
Torsional Rigidity vs Lateral Rigidity
Torsional Rigidity is simply the resistance to the angular twist of any shaft or beam. But how it is different from Lateral Rigidity? Let us discuss Torsional Rigidity and Lateral Rigidity in detail to understand the differences. In the previous articles, we have been discussing how to design a shaft if it is subjected to […]
Example Problem on Calculating Shaft Diameter
In the previous articles we have discussed calculating shaft diameter if it is subjected to twisting moment, bending moment, fluctuating, and Axial Load. Following are the list of all the article we have discussed. How to calculate the shaft diameter from the torque? How to calculate Shaft Diameter under Twisting, Bending Moment, and Fluctuating? How […]
How to calculate Shaft Diameter under Twisting and Bending Moment?
In the previous article, we have discussed that from a given torque we can calculate the shaft diameter, but what if the shaft is subjected to the bending moment and twisting at the same time? Let us see how we can calculate shaft diameter under the twisting and bending moment. Design of Shafts The design […]
Turnbuckle: Adjustable Screwed Joint for Round Rods
A turnbuckle is a joint or also known as a coupling to join two threaded rods together. This turnbuckle is also referred to as Rigging screws or an Adjustable Screwed Joint for Round Rods. Let us see how we can design Turnbuckle to connect two threaded rods. Turnbuckle In this adjustable screwed joint, one of […]
Design Calculations of Knuckle Joint
A knuckle joint is a mechanical joint that helps to connect two rods that are under the action of tensile loads. In some cases, it is possible to join the rods with knuckle join if they are under compressive load with proper guided supports. In this article, we will discuss how to calculate the design […]
How to design a Cotter Foundation Bolt?
Topic: Design of a Cotter Foundation bolt A foundation bolt is used to fasten a structure or a machine to a permanent base. Following is an example of an ordinary Foundation Bolt used for the structure to hold on the ground. Cotter Foundation Bolt Cotter Foundation Bolt is a combination of a Cotter with the […]
Designing a Cotter Joint to Connect Piston Rod and Crosshead
We have been discussing the different types of Cotter joint, and in the previous article, we have discussed how to design the Gib and cotter joint for the connecting rod big end with strap. In this article, we are going to design a Cotter joint to connect piston rod and crosshead. Cotter Joint to Connect […]
How to Design a Gib and Cotter Joint for Square Rods?
As you know, there are 3 different types of cotter joints. The Gib and Cotter Joint is one of them. The other two are the Socket and Spigot Cotter Joint, and Sleeve and cotter joint. In this article, we are going to discuss how to design the Gib and Cotter joint for Square rods to avoid possible failures […]
What are the Different Types of Cotter Joint?
A Cotter joint is a joint which is locked by a cotter. A cotter is a flat wedge-shaped piece of rectangular cross-section and its width is tapered from one end to another for an easy adjustment. Mostly it is tapered on one side but sometimes it may be tapered on both sides. Let us see […]
How to design a Gib and Cotter Joint for Connecting Rod end?
As you know, there are 3 different types of cotter joints. The Gib and Cotter Joint is one of them. The other two are the Socket and Spigot Cotter Joint, and Sleeve and cotter joint. In this article, we are going to discuss this Gib and Cotter Joint construction and how to design it for the Connecting […]
How to Design a Sleeve and Cotter Joint?
As you know, there are 3 different types of cotter joints. The Sleeve and Cotter Joint is one of them. The other two are the Socket and Spigot Cotter Joint, and Gib and cotter joint. In this article, we are going to discuss this Sleeve and Cotter joint construction and how to design this Cotter Joint […]
How to design Socket and Spigot Cotter Joint?
As you know, there are 3 different types of cotter joints. The first one is the Socket and Spigot cotter joint. The other two are the Sleeve and cotter joint, and Gib and cotter joint. In this article, we are going to discuss this first type of cotter joint construction and how to design this Socket […]
Designing of Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Application
Project Title: Designing of Microstrip Antenna for Wireless application by integrating Embedded and IoT A Final year project on “Designing of Microstrip Antenna for Wireless application by integrating Embedded and IoT” was submitted by Bhavendra chowdary Swarna (from Lovely Professional University, India)to extrudesign.com. ABSTRACT The project is about designing a microstrip antenna using different modes of feeding […]
How to Calculate Eye Bolt Diameter to Lift Load?
A lifting eye bolt, as shown in the below picture, is used for lifting and transporting heavy machines. It consists of a ring of the circular cross-section at the head and is provided with threads at the lower portion for screwing inside a threaded hole on the top of the machine. But how to choose […]
How to Calculate Stress in Bolts?
We have discussed the different types of screw fasteners in the previous article, In every screwed joint these screwed fasteners will be tightened with torque or load which they can withstand. In order to know how much load we can apply, we must understand how much amount of stress it can bear in the screwed […]
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